AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |
Back to Blog
Ecg changes in pe11/9/2023 The increased use of computed tomography (CT), and improvements in CT techniques, have increased the detection of pulmonary embolism. Potential explanations for this trend include an ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity. The incidence of pulmonary embolism has increased in recent decades.It is estimated that 10 million cases of venous thromboembolism occur globally every year ( Raskob et al). Only stroke and acute myocardial infarction are more common. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third leading cardiovascular cause of death worldwide.Mortality in pulmonary embolism is up to 20%, and roughly 30% of patients with pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis experience a second thrombotic event within 10 years ( Goldhaber et al, Kearon et al). Venous thromboembolism is a chronic and serious condition. Administration of thrombolysis requires careful consideration of absolute and relative contraindications (discussed below), and assessment of differential diagnoses cardiac tamponade, aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection are common differential diagnoses which represent contraindications for thrombolysis. Accordingly, risk factors for pulmonary embolism overlap with risk factors for DVT immobilisation, surgery, hypercoagulability, and pregnancy are common risk factors (see Risk factors below).Ī significant proportion of cases with pulmonary embolism require thrombolysis to dissolve the occlusion. Approximately 70% of individuals with symptomatic pulmonary embolism have an ongoing DVT, and 30% of individuals with DVT have asymptomatic pulmonary emboli ( Di Nisio et al). Pulmonary embolism is causally related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Reduced preload in the left ventricle and consequently reduced cardiac output.Ī substantial reduction in pulmonary perfusion and the subsequent reduction in left ventricular preload lead to a cascade of hemodynamic alterations which may culminate in cardiac arrest.Reduced perfusion in the pulmonary circulation, resulting in hypoxia.The larger the thrombus, the more proximal the occlusion and, hence, the greater the hemodynamic effects. Depending on the size and form of the thrombus, it will occlude the main pulmonary artery or its branches. The thrombus is pumped from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve into the main pulmonary artery. Thrombi formed in the deep veins in the legs or pelvis can detach and flow via inferior vena cava to the right atrium and ventricle. In the majority of cases, the thrombus is formed in the deep veins of the legs or pelvis. Pulmonary embolism occurs when venous thrombi embolize to the pulmonary artery or its branches.
0 Comments
Read More
Leave a Reply. |